Oxford Reciprocating Engines Practice Test

Superchargers are utilized primarily to combat the decrease in air density that occurs with an increase in altitude. As altitude increases, the atmospheric pressure decreases, leading to a reduction in the amount of air available for combustion. This diminished air density results in less oxygen being present in the cylinder, which can negatively impact engine performance, especially in naturally aspirated engines.

By compressing the incoming air, a supercharger increases its density before it enters the combustion chamber. This allows the engine to maintain sufficient airflow, ensuring that it can mix an adequate amount of fuel with oxygen for optimal combustion and performance, even at higher altitudes. Without supercharging, the engine would experience significant power loss due to the thinner air, as it wouldn't be able to generate the same amount of power at altitude as it would at sea level.

Thus, the use of a supercharger is crucial for enhancing engine performance in conditions where air density is compromised due to elevation.