How does a turbo-charger affect exhaust back pressure on an engine?

A turbocharger affects exhaust back pressure by increasing it. This occurs because, in a turbocharged engine, the exhaust gases are directed into the turbocharger to spin a turbine. This process uses the energy from the exhaust gases to compress the intake air, which improves engine efficiency and power output. However, the redirecting and slowing of exhaust gases through the turbocharger creates additional resistance in the exhaust system.

As a result, the exhaust has to work harder to exit the engine, which manifests as increased back pressure. Higher back pressure can influence engine performance and efficiency, particularly at lower RPMs, as it can make it harder for the engine to expel exhaust gases effectively. In sum, the primary outcome of installing a turbocharger is the increase in exhaust back pressure due to the energy extraction process from the exhaust gases.